§ Use of Force ▸ Objective Reasonableness
Objective Reasonableness
Every use of force is judged by what a reasonable officer would do on the same facts, not by hindsight or by intent.
Cases
- Aldaba v. Pickens, 844 F.3d 870 (2015)
- Altovese Williams v. City of Burlington, Iowa, 27 F.4th 1346 (2022)
- April Pipkins v. City of Hoover, Alabama, 134 F.4th 1163 (2025)
- Blake Stewardson v. Christopher Titus
- Brown v. Cwynar, 35 Pa. D. & C.5th 152 (2013)
- Bryan v. McPherson, 590 F.3d 767 (2009)
- Byrd v. Cornelius, 52 F.4th 265 (2022)
- Crowell v. Kirkpatrick, (2010)
- Deorle v. Rutherford, 263 F.3d 1106 (2001)
- E.W. v. Dolgos, No. 16-1608 (2018)
- Escobar v. Montee, 895 F.3d 387 (2018)
- Glorianna Moore v. Oakland County, Mich., 126 F.4th 1163 (2025)
- Gorman v. Warwick Township, 5 F. Supp. 3d 731 (2014)
- Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989)
- Headwaters Forest v. Humboldt County, 83 F.3d 1068 (2000)
- Herndon v. City of Sandpoint, 531 P.3d 1125 (2023)
- Isaiah Taylor v. Justin Schwarzhuber
- Isom v. Town of Warren Rhode Island, 360 F.3d 7 (2004)
- Jayne Swinford v. Joshua Santos, 121 F.4th 179 (2024)
- Johnson v. Glick, (1973)
- Kuha v. City of Minnetonka, 328 F.3d 427 (2003)
- Langiano v. City of Fort Worth, 131 F.4th 285 (2025)
- Leonorilda Ochoa v. City of Mesa, 26 F.4th 1050 (2022)
- Lindke v. Freed, 601 U.S. 187 (2024)
- Lyrah Hernandez v. City of Peoria, Illinois, 135 F.4th 517 (2025)
- Martinez v. New Mexico Dept. Of Public Safety, 265 F.3d 1130 (2001)
- McGrew v. Duncan, 937 F.3d 664 (2019)
- Miller v. Clark County, 340 F.3d 959 (2003)
- Montanez v. Parker, No. 15-15211 (2017)
- NATHAN SCOTT STEPP, individually as a member of the WVSP, Zach W. Hartley, individual as a member of WVSP, Okey S. Starsick, Robert B. Hickman individually as a member of the Roane County Sheriff's Dept, Roane County and WVSP v. Bradley Cottrell, on behalf of the Estate of Bernard Dale Cottrell
- Nathaniel Pryor v. Michael Corrigan
- Nelson v. City of Davis, 685 F.3d 867 (2012)
- Parker v. Gerrish, 547 F.3d 1 (2008)
- People of Michigan v. David Allan Lucynski
- Robert Sean Reed v. Campbell Cnty., Ky., 80 F.4th 734 (2023)
- Rosemary White v. City of Detroit, Mich., 38 F.4th 495 (2022)
- Sanchez v. Guzman, 105 F.4th 1285 (2024)
- Simpson v. Cisneros, 129 F.4th 901 (2025)
- Spiller v. Harris County, 113 F.4th 573 (2024)
- State v. Michael Burkinshaw
- Stephen Hill v. City of Fountain Valley, 70 F.4th 507 (2023)
- United States v. Patterson, 25 F.4th 123 (2022)
- US v. Mohr, 350 F. App'x 820 (2009)
- Vathekan v. Prince George’s County, 154 F.3d 173 (1998)
- Villarreal v. City of Laredo, 134 F.4th 273 (2025)
- Vincent Bell v. Williams, 108 F.4th 809 (2024)
- Vinyard v. Wilson, 311 F.3d 1340 (2002)
- Wilkins v. Gaddy, 559 U.S. 34 (2010)
- Winder v. Gallardo, 118 F.4th 638 (2024)
- Zuress v. Newark, No. 19-3945 (2020)